Pontianak

Pontianak is the capital and largest city of West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Here's a detailed introduction: - Overview - Location: Situated on the west coast of Borneo Island, at the confluence of the Kapuas River and Landak River, 23 km from the estuary. The equator passes through the city. The river is wide and deep, accessible to ocean-going vessels. - Founding: Officially founded in 1771, boasting a rich history. - Area and Population: The urban area covers 108 square kilometers with a population of approximately 680,000, of which ethnic Chinese comprise about 35%. - History and Culture - Chinese Culture: In the 18th century, the Chinese Kongsi republic of Lanfang was established here, with Pontianak as its capital. Known as the "City of Lanfang," it has a rich Chinese cultural atmosphere. The local Chinese population predominantly speaks Teochew and Hakka. - Architectural Style: The city is crisscrossed by waterways, with many houses built on water, forming a unique water village landscape. This architectural style combines the artistic essence of traditional Chinese architecture with Western elements. - Economic Development - Industry: The main industries include shipbuilding, rubber, palm oil, sugar, pepper, rice, and tobacco production. - Trade: Pontianak is one of the most important trade centers in West Kalimantan and a vital port connecting Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean. Its exports include rubber, pepper, copra, sugarcane, bird's nest, forest products, and building materials. - Tourist Attractions - Equator Monument: Erected in 1928, located 11 km north of the city center, marking the equator, the dividing line between the Southern and Northern Hemispheres. - Kadriah Palace: The Sultan's palace, located in the city center, with free admission. - Jami Mosque: Situated near Kadriah Palace, built in 1771, it is the oldest mosque in Pontianak. - Sultan's Mausoleum: Located in Batu Layang, it forms a straight line with Kadriah Palace and Jami Mosque, together comprising the three major legacies of the former Pontianak Sultanate.